Sound Proof of Proximity of Knowledge
نویسنده
چکیده
Public-key distance bounding schemes are needed to defeat relay attacks in payment systems. So far, only five such schemes exist, but fail to fully protect against malicious provers. In this paper, we solve this problem. We provide a full formalism to define the proof of proximity of knowledge (PoPoK). Protocols should succeed if and only if a prover holding a secret is within the proximity of the verifier. Like proofs of knowledge, these protocols must satisfy completeness, soundness (protection for the honest verifier), and security (protection for the honest prover). We construct ProProx, the very first sound PoPoK.
منابع مشابه
Sound-Proof: Usable Two-Factor Authentication Based on Ambient Sound
Two-factor authentication protects online accounts even if passwords are leaked. Most users, however, prefer password-only authentication. One reason why twofactor authentication is so unpopular is the extra steps that the user must complete in order to log in. Currently deployed two-factor authentication mechanisms require the user to interact with his phone to, for example, copy a verificatio...
متن کاملAnalyzing the tradition, hadith, of self-knowledge with regard to the knowledge of God
Deep thinking on the tradition and analyzing other tradition dealing with knowledge of human soul distinguish this proof from those of philosophers and theologians. Availability, unity of the path and the follower and, most particularly, its being intuitive enter the follower to an objective state and, contrary to conceptual proofs, leads him/her to the presence of God. Again, this traditio...
متن کاملThe impacts of anthropogenic sound on marine mammals in the Persian Gulf; current status and need for future research
Abstract Sound generating human activities so-called “anthropogenic sound” have increased ambient sound levels considerably in aquatic habitats that are markedly diverse in time and space. Sound generating human activities is now recognized as a potential driver of environmental changes in marine habitats. Iran has 750 km coastline along the Caspian Sea located in the north and around 2250 km ...
متن کاملProof of Proximity of Knowledge
Public-key distance bounding schemes are needed to defeat relay attacks in payment systems. So far, only two such schemes exist, but fail to fully protect against malicious provers. In this paper, we solve this problem. We provide a full formalism to define the proof of proximity of knowledge (PoPoK). Protocols should succeed if and only if a prover holding a secret is within the proximity of t...
متن کاملInvestigating the Effect of Spatial Proximity on Iran University- Industry Co-publications by using Gravity Model
Background and Aim: Due to the importance of scientific relations between university and industry, it is so important to identify the factors that affect these relations. So,the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of spatial proximity on university- industry collaboration. The collaboration indicator which is used here is University- Industry Co-publications. Methods: The research is...
متن کامل